github.com/OpenHands/OpenHands

Viewing secrets at the cluster-scope is akin to cluster-admin in most clusters as there are typically at least one service accounts (their token stored in a secret) bound to cluster-admin directly or a role/clusterrole that gives similar permissions.

Webhooks can silently intercept or actively mutate/block resources as they are being created or updated. This includes secrets and pod specs.

Avoid using 'RUN' with 'sudo' commands, as it can lead to unpredictable behavior.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

Detected a Generic API Key, potentially exposing access to various services and sensitive operations.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

'apt-get' install should use '--no-install-recommends' to minimize image size.

According to pod security standard 'Host Ports', hostPorts should be disallowed, or at minimum restricted to a known list.

## Summary Axios’ Node.js HTTP adapter can route requests through an attacker-controlled proxy when `Object.prototype.proxy` is polluted and request configuration is materialized as a regular object before dispatch. Recent axios releases harden merged request config by creating…

Datadog dd-trace-py is the Datadog Python APM client. Prior to 4.8.2, Datadog tracing libraries that implement W3C baggage propagation parse incoming baggage HTTP headers without enforcing DD_TRACE_BAGGAGE_MAX_ITEMS or DD_TRACE_BAGGAGE_MAX_BYTES limits on the extract path. A remo…

The ability to exec into a container with privileged access to the host or with an attached SA with higher RBAC permissions is a common escalation path to cluster-admin.

`GitPython` version `3.1.50` blocks unsafe `git clone` options such as `--upload-pack`, `-u`, `--config`, and `-c` unless callers explicitly pass `allow_unsafe_options=True`. However, the default unsafe-option gate does not recognize joined short-option forms such as `-u/path/to/…

`GitPython` version `3.1.50` blocks unsafe `git clone` options such as `--upload-pack`, `-u`, `--config`, and `-c` unless callers explicitly pass `allow_unsafe_options=True`. However, the default unsafe-option gate does not recognize joined short-option forms such as `-u/path/to/…

## Command injection via long-option prefix abbreviation bypassing `check_unsafe_options` (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-42215 / GHSA-rpm5-65cw-6hj4) **Component:** gitpython-developers/GitPython (PyPI: GitPython) **Affected:** all versions carrying the 3.1.47 blocklist fix, throug…

## Command injection via long-option prefix abbreviation bypassing `check_unsafe_options` (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-42215 / GHSA-rpm5-65cw-6hj4) **Component:** gitpython-developers/GitPython (PyPI: GitPython) **Affected:** all versions carrying the 3.1.47 blocklist fix, throug…

## Summary GitPython spawns the real `git` binary with an argument vector built from caller-supplied values. To prevent argument injection, GitPython maintains denylists of "unsafe" Git options (`--upload-pack`, `--receive-pack`, `--exec`, `-c`, `--config`, …) that can be abused…

## Summary GitPython spawns the real `git` binary with an argument vector built from caller-supplied values. To prevent argument injection, GitPython maintains denylists of "unsafe" Git options (`--upload-pack`, `--receive-pack`, `--exec`, `-c`, `--config`, …) that can be abused…

### Summary `Repo.clone_from()` passes the caller-supplied remote URL through `Git.polish_url()`, which on every non-Cygwin platform calls `os.path.expandvars()` on the URL before handing it to `git clone`. An attacker who controls the URL argument — the documented use case for `…

### Summary `Repo.clone_from()` passes the caller-supplied remote URL through `Git.polish_url()`, which on every non-Cygwin platform calls `os.path.expandvars()` on the URL before handing it to `git clone`. An attacker who controls the URL argument — the documented use case for `…

Running containers with 'root' user can lead to a container escape situation. It is a best practice to run containers as non-root users, which can be done by adding a 'USER' statement to the Dockerfile.

Running containers with 'root' user can lead to a container escape situation. It is a best practice to run containers as non-root users, which can be done by adding a 'USER' statement to the Dockerfile.

joserfc is a Python library that provides an implementation of several JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) standards. Prior to 1.6.8, joserfc.jwt.decode accepts attacker-forged HMAC-signed tokens when the caller-supplied verification key is the empty string or None, because…

joserfc is a Python library that provides an implementation of several JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) standards. Prior to 1.6.8, joserfc.jwt.decode accepts attacker-forged HMAC-signed tokens when the caller-supplied verification key is the empty string or None, because…

## Circular JSON Schema `$ref` causes unbounded CPU DoS in `json_repair` ### Summary `SchemaRepairer.resolve_schema()` in `json_repair` follows JSON Schema `$ref` pointers in an unbounded `while` loop without any cycle detection. An attacker who can supply a schema containing a…

## Circular JSON Schema `$ref` causes unbounded CPU DoS in `json_repair` ### Summary `SchemaRepairer.resolve_schema()` in `json_repair` follows JSON Schema `$ref` pointers in an unbounded `while` loop without any cycle detection. An attacker who can supply a schema containing a…

The ability to control which pods get service traffic directed to them allows for interception attacks. Controlling network policy allows for bypassing lateral movement restrictions.

The ability to control which pods get service traffic directed to them allows for interception attacks. Controlling network policy allows for bypassing lateral movement restrictions.

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). From 1.23.0 until 1.27.2, default handlers installed by server.experimental.enable_tasks() for tasks/list, tasks/get, tasks/result, and tasks/cancel operate only on task identi…

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). From 1.23.0 until 1.27.2, default handlers installed by server.experimental.enable_tasks() for tasks/list, tasks/get, tasks/result, and tasks/cancel operate only on task identi…

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). Prior to 1.27.2, the SSE and stateful Streamable HTTP transports mcp.server.sse.SseServerTransport and mcp.server.streamable_http_manager.StreamableHTTPSessionManager route req…

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). Prior to 1.27.2, the SSE and stateful Streamable HTTP transports mcp.server.sse.SseServerTransport and mcp.server.streamable_http_manager.StreamableHTTPSessionManager route req…

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). Prior to 1.28.1, the deprecated mcp.server.websocket.websocket_server transport accepted WebSocket handshakes without applying Host or Origin header validation, leaving no SDK-…

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). Prior to 1.28.1, the deprecated mcp.server.websocket.websocket_server transport accepted WebSocket handshakes without applying Host or Origin header validation, leaving no SDK-…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, a run of closed tilde, equals-sign, or caret marker pairs around a character causes quadratic work in src/mistune/plugins/formatting.py when the strikethrough, mark, or insert plugin scans for matchin…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, a run of closed tilde, equals-sign, or caret marker pairs around a character causes quadratic work in src/mistune/plugins/formatting.py when the strikethrough, mark, or insert plugin scans for matchin…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, a Markdown document containing many repeated or distinct reference-link definitions causes quadratic work in src/mistune/block_parser.py and the ref_links environment dictionary handling, allowing den…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, a Markdown document containing many repeated or distinct reference-link definitions causes quadratic work in src/mistune/block_parser.py and the ref_links environment dictionary handling, allowing den…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, long sequences of well-formed double-asterisk or triple-asterisk emphasis pairs around a character cause quadratic work in src/mistune/inline_parser.py because the parser scans forward for matching cl…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, long sequences of well-formed double-asterisk or triple-asterisk emphasis pairs around a character cause quadratic work in src/mistune/inline_parser.py because the parser scans forward for matching cl…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, Mistune is vulnerable to a CPU exhaustion DoS due to superlinear (approximately O(n²)) behavior in parse_link_text. When parsing Markdown containing many consecutive [ characters, parse_link_text repe…

Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, Mistune is vulnerable to a CPU exhaustion DoS due to superlinear (approximately O(n²)) behavior in parse_link_text. When parsing Markdown containing many consecutive [ characters, parse_link_text repe…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's ImageCms.ImageCmsTransform.apply(im, imOut) API can trigger controlled native heap corruption when the caller supplies an output image whose mode does not match the transform's declared output mode. This issue is fixed…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's ImageCms.ImageCmsTransform.apply(im, imOut) API can trigger controlled native heap corruption when the caller supplies an output image whose mode does not match the transform's declared output mode. This issue is fixed…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 8.2.0 through 12.2.0, src/libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.c accumulates total_component_width across every tile in a JPEG2000 image instead of recomputing it per tile, allowing a crafted tiled JPEG2000 file to force substantially higher transient …

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 8.2.0 through 12.2.0, src/libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.c accumulates total_component_width across every tile in a JPEG2000 image instead of recomputing it per tile, allowing a crafted tiled JPEG2000 file to force substantially higher transient …

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 12.3.0, PdfParser.PdfStream.decode() in PIL/PdfParser.py calls zlib.decompress() with bufsize set to the PDF stream Length field without bounding the decompressed output size, allowing a crafted FlateDecode PDF stream to exhaus…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 12.3.0, PdfParser.PdfStream.decode() in PIL/PdfParser.py calls zlib.decompress() with bufsize set to the PDF stream Length field without bounding the decompressed output size, allowing a crafted FlateDecode PDF stream to exhaus…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow public image coordinate APIs can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given coordinates near the signed 32-bit integer limits in Image.paste(), Image.crop(), or Image.alpha_composite(). This issue is fixed in v…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow public image coordinate APIs can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given coordinates near the signed 32-bit integer limits in Image.paste(), Image.crop(), or Image.alpha_composite(). This issue is fixed in v…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, when Pillow loads an uncompressed McIdas AREA image from a filename through the mmap raw codec path, attacker-controlled header words can set a row stride smaller than the natural row width, causing pixel access such as Image.t…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, when Pillow loads an uncompressed McIdas AREA image from a filename through the mmap raw codec path, attacker-controlled header words can set a row stride smaller than the natural row width, causing pixel access such as Image.t…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's public rank-filter API can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given a very large odd filter size because ImageFilter.RankFilter.filter() calls image.expand(size // 2, size // 2) before rank-filter size vali…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's public rank-filter API can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given a very large odd filter size because ImageFilter.RankFilter.filter() calls image.expand(size // 2, size // 2) before rank-filter size vali…

The ports which are lower than 1024 receive and transmit various sensitive and privileged data. Allowing containers to use them can bring serious implications.

pyasn1 is a generic ASN.1 library for Python. Prior to 0.6.4, the univ.Real type converted its mantissa, base, and exponent value to a Python float using exact big-integer exponentiation. A BER, CER, or DER encoded REAL value only a few bytes long can carry a very large exponent,…

pyasn1 is a generic ASN.1 library for Python. Prior to 0.6.4, the univ.Real type converted its mantissa, base, and exponent value to a Python float using exact big-integer exponentiation. A BER, CER, or DER encoded REAL value only a few bytes long can carry a very large exponent,…

pyasn1 is a generic ASN.1 library for Python. Prior to 0.6.4, the BER, CER, and DER decoders process OBJECT IDENTIFIER and RELATIVE-OID values in quadratic time relative to the number of arcs, so a small crafted payload containing an OID with many arcs consumes excessive CPU per …

pyasn1 is a generic ASN.1 library for Python. Prior to 0.6.4, the BER, CER, and DER decoders process OBJECT IDENTIFIER and RELATIVE-OID values in quadratic time relative to the number of arcs, so a small crafted payload containing an OID with many arcs consumes excessive CPU per …

### Impact There are two specific configurations of the python-engineio server in which the size of incoming messages is not checked before the messages are loaded into memory. An attacker can take advantage of these to cause unnecessary memory allocations in the python-engineio …

### Impact There are two specific configurations of the python-engineio server in which the size of incoming messages is not checked before the messages are loaded into memory. An attacker can take advantage of these to cause unnecessary memory allocations in the python-engineio …

### Impact An attacker can cause the creation of unnecessary background threads in the python-engineio server by exploiting the heartbeat mechanism, which launches a thread when a new connection is received, and when the client sends a PONG packet. Note: this issue primarily aff…

### Impact An attacker can cause the creation of unnecessary background threads in the python-engineio server by exploiting the heartbeat mechanism, which launches a thread when a new connection is received, and when the client sends a PONG packet. Note: this issue primarily aff…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/BdfFontFile.py bdf_char() read the BBX width and height field from a BDF font file and passed attacker-controlled dimensions to Image.new() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), bypassing Pillow's documented de…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/BdfFontFile.py bdf_char() read the BBX width and height field from a BDF font file and passed attacker-controlled dimensions to Image.new() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), bypassing Pillow's documented de…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/GdImageFile.py GdImageFile._open() read image dimensions from the GD 2.x header and stored them in self._size without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a crafted .gd file to trigger excessive C-heap alloca…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/GdImageFile.py GdImageFile._open() read image dimensions from the GD 2.x header and stored them in self._size without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a crafted .gd file to trigger excessive C-heap alloca…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/PcfFontFile.py _load_bitmaps() read glyph dimensions from the PCF METRICS section and passed them directly to Image.frombytes() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing crafted PCF font data to cause exce…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/PcfFontFile.py _load_bitmaps() read glyph dimensions from the PCF METRICS section and passed them directly to Image.frombytes() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing crafted PCF font data to cause exce…

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/FontFile.py FontFile.compile() assembled per-glyph images into a combined bitmap with Image.new("1", (xsize, ysize)) without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a font to trigger excessive allocation during …

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/FontFile.py FontFile.compile() assembled per-glyph images into a combined bitmap with Image.new("1", (xsize, ysize)) without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a font to trigger excessive allocation during …

### Impact The python-socketio server stores binary `EVENT` and `ACK` messages in memory while it waits to receive their binary attachments. Once all the attachments are received, these messages are then processed. An attacker can submit a binary message and intentionally omit se…

### Impact The python-socketio server stores binary `EVENT` and `ACK` messages in memory while it waits to receive their binary attachments. Once all the attachments are received, these messages are then processed. An attacker can submit a binary message and intentionally omit se…

Soup Sieve is a CSS selector library designed to be used with Beautiful Soup 4. Prior to 2.8.4, the CSS selector parser in soupsieve allocates unbounded memory when compiling large comma-separated selector lists, allowing an attacker who can supply a crafted selector string to so…

Soup Sieve is a CSS selector library designed to be used with Beautiful Soup 4. Prior to 2.8.4, the CSS selector parser in soupsieve allocates unbounded memory when compiling large comma-separated selector lists, allowing an attacker who can supply a crafted selector string to so…

An immutable root file system prevents applications from writing to their local disk. This can limit intrusions, as attackers will not be able to tamper with the file system or write foreign executables to disk.

An immutable root file system prevents applications from writing to their local disk. This can limit intrusions, as attackers will not be able to tamper with the file system or write foreign executables to disk.

Soup Sieve is a CSS selector library designed to be used with Beautiful Soup 4. Prior to 2.8.4, the CSS selector parser in soupsieve contains a regular expression vulnerable to catastrophic backtracking when processing an attribute selector with an unterminated quoted value in so…

Soup Sieve is a CSS selector library designed to be used with Beautiful Soup 4. Prior to 2.8.4, the CSS selector parser in soupsieve contains a regular expression vulnerable to catastrophic backtracking when processing an attribute selector with an unterminated quoted value in so…

pyca/cryptography's wheels include a statically linked copy of OpenSSL. The versions of OpenSSL included in wheels prior to cryptograph 48.01 are vulnerable to a security issue. More details about the vulnerability itself can be found in https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20…

pyca/cryptography's wheels include a statically linked copy of OpenSSL. The versions of OpenSSL included in wheels prior to cryptograph 48.01 are vulnerable to a security issue. More details about the vulnerability itself can be found in https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20…